A rare case of virilizing adult ectopic adrenal tumor.

Ectopic adrenal gland is an atypical medical condition with a prevalence of less than 1%. It occurs due to an abnormal gland development during embryonic life and can be found in different parts of the body. Rarely, these ectopic glands can be hormonally active and present as bulky masses. Herein we report a case of a patient who underwent laparoscopic surgery for a large myelolipoma associated with an androgen producing adenoma in an ectopic adrenal gland.

Análise da remoção do hidróxido de cálcio de canais radiculares bovinos com diferentes técnicas através da microscopia eletrônica de varredura / Analysis of the calcium hydroxide removal of bovine root canals with different techniques by scanning electron microscopy

Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia da remoção de Ca (OH)2 do canal radicular, comparando o uso de limas manuais, Easy Clean e irrigação ultrassônica passiva (IUP). Método: Trinta dentes incisivos bovinos foram utilizados neste estudo. Os canais radiculares foram preparados e as amostras foram divididas aleatoriamente em 3 grupos de acordo com a técnica utilizada para a remoção do Ca(OH)2 (n = 10): G1: limas manuais; G2: lima Easy Clean; G3: IUP. Após quinze dias, os espécimes foram seccionados e processados para observação dos terços médio e apical utilizando microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). Um avaliador cego e calibrado atribuiu escores a cada espécime. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos ao teste de Kruskal-Wallys, seguido do teste de Dunn. Resultados: Não houve diferença significativa na remoção do Ca(OH)2 entre a lima manual e a Easy Clean e entre Easy Clean e IUP. A técnica de IUP removeu significativamente mais Ca(OH)2 quando comparado com o grupo lima manual. Nenhuma das técnicas testadas removeu completamente o Ca(OH)2 das paredes do canal radicular. Conclusão: Independentemente da técnica utilizada, nenhum dos protocolos testados removeu completamente o Ca(OH)2 do canal radicular. Entretanto, a irrigação ultrassônica passiva foi mais eficaz do que o grupo das limas manuais(AU)

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of calcium hydroxide removal by comparing manual files, Easy Clean and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) on Ca(OH)2 removal. Method: Thirty bovine incisors teeth wereused in this study. The root canals were prepared and the samples were randomly divided into 3 groups according to the technique used for Ca(OH)2 removal (n = 10): G1: manual files; G2: Easy Clean file; G3: Passive ultrasonic irrigation. After fifteen days, specimens were sectioned and processed for observation of the middle and apical thirds by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). One blinded and calibrated evaluator attributed scores to each specimen. The data obtained from the SEM analysis were submitted to the Kruskal-Wallys test, followed by the Dunn test. Results: There was no significant difference in Ca(OH)2 removal between manual file and Easy Clean and between Easy Clean and PUI. PUI technique significantly removed more calcium hydroxide when compared with manual file group. None of the tested techniques completely removed the Ca(OH)2 from the root canal walls. Conclusion: Regardless of the technique used, none of the protocols tested completely removed the Ca(OH)2 from the root canal. However, passive ultrasonic irrigation was more effective than manual file group(AU)